Using spectral indices and indicators to monitor the change in the spatial extension of the sand dune phenomenon in the district of Ali Al Gharbi

Abstract

Remote sensing data is the best method and the latest technology has the ability to complete studies of large areas of the earth’s surface in a short time and with a few staff compared to the traditional methods that depend on fieldwork, as well as the possibility of obtaining information that is difficult to obtain through the usual methods. The most important improvements applied to satellite visuals, and digital evidence is widely used in mineral exploration, plant analysis, desertification and environmental monitoring, Sand dunes are considered one of the dangerous environmental problems in the dry and semi-arid regions, and when they move, they constitute a great danger that threatens human and environmental activities significantly. Iraq and its south, and when they move, threaten all strategic, economic, agricultural and service projects, as the area where sand dunes are formed is a desertified area with severe desertification Sand dunes can be monitored through changes in shape, pattern, and intensity of spectral reflection, and by calculating the areas of change called (Change Detection).