Sculptural monuments in the Arabian Gulf and Iraq between aesthetic and objective goals

Abstract

Sculptural monuments are among the ancient plastic arts that kept pace with the developments and changes of human civilizations, as the signs of their emergence came with the development of religious belief and its growth in ancient civilizations, and derived from it its importance in subject matter and content and became a necessity for a renewed and changing collective custom in every time and place.

      However, the artistic vision changed over time, and the goals and contents on the basis of which the monument was erected began to seek other goals, and the aesthetic goal was the new and contemporary goal in and of itself. Both Iraq and the Arab Gulf countries are considered one of those affected by this type of three-dimensional visual arts, which led to the interest in establishing it in most of their squares, squares, and gardens, yet expressive objectivity remained the focus of the interests of this type of people sculpture arts.

     The research question in here is: Did such sculptural monuments, which were completed at the beginning of the founding of the Gulf and Iraqi states and to this day, achieve their aesthetic goal, or did they remain within the objective realm?  What are the contributed factors in achieving success of such goals?  What are the aspects that caused the failure of such goals?