Development and Application of a Self-Esteem Scale among Middle School Students (Construction and Implementation)

Abstract

The current study aims to construct and apply a self-esteem scale among middle school students. In order to achieve the objectives of the current research, the researcher followed the steps of the descriptive survey methodology using a sample of 150 male and female middle school students. The researcher employed a set of scientific steps in constructing the scale, including defining the theoretical framework, theoretical definition, domains, and items for each domain. Additionally, psychometric properties of the scale, such as validity, reliability, and statistical analysis, were extracted. After ensuring these properties and applying the scale to the research sample, the study reached the following results:

The sample individuals possess a high level of self-esteem among middle school

students compared to the hypothetical mean of the scale.

There are statistically significant differences in self-esteem levels between males and females in favor of males