Iranian-North Korean Relations during the Era of Mohammad Khatami (1997-2005)

Abstract

This research addresses the development of Iranian-North Korean relations during the period (1997-2005) within an international and regional context characterized by escalating American pressures on countries classified within the "Axis of Evil." The study focuses on the dimensions of political, military, and technical cooperation between the two parties as a fundamental basis for this relationship. It also discusses the impact of international sanctions and the stance on the nuclear file, as well as the limits of strategic coordination in facing international isolation. The research concludes that the relationship was based more on pragmatic mutual political interests than on an ideological alliance, contributing to enhancing the negotiating capabilities of both parties vis-à-vis major powers without reaching the level of a comprehensive alliance.